These results were unfavorably impacted by an increase in share-based compensation expense of $9.8 million as $1.0 million of expense was recorded in the fourth quarter of 2019 compared to a benefit of $8.8 million in the prior year, driven by a reduction in the fair value of outstanding liability classified awards as well the timing of grants and the mix of liability classified awards creating expense volatility in 2018, and a decrease in income from operations of $2.2 million in the Rhode Island segment primarily due to the reduction in revenue as a result of new competition in the market noted above, partially offset by cost efficiency measures, particularly in Lincoln.

Income from operations in the fourth quarter of 2019 decreased $5.7 million, or 16.4%, to $29.0 million compared to $34.7 million for the same period last year. Overall gaming revenue increased $4.7 million, or 5.6%, to $88.5 million, food and beverage revenue increased $7.1 million, or 56.7%, to $19.5 million, and hotel revenue increased $4.5 million, or 78.9%, to $10.2 million, in each case, in the fourth quarter of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. Also, overall performance at Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Biloxi ('Hard Rock Biloxi') remained strong. Tiverton Casino Hotel ('Tiverton'), which opened in September 2018, continued to demonstrate marked resilience in the face of the new regional competition mentioned above. New competition in the New England market, and the associated increases in marketing and promotional activity, continued to negatively impact revenue in the fourth quarter at the Company's Twin River Casino Hotel ('Lincoln'), however, the Company noted that the impacts have moderated and revenue has showed signs of stabilization. This increase was principally driven by the effects of the acquisition of Dover Downs Hotel & Casino ('Dover Downs'), which continued to exceed expectations contributing $27.6 million of revenue to the Company's results. Revenue for the fourth quarter of 2019 increased 17.0% to $130.4 million from $111.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2018.

(1) Refer to tables in this press release for a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable measure calculated in accordance with GAAP.

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